一种可考虑形状效应的浅埋板锚极限抗拔力计算方法

现有的板锚极限抗拔力计算方法只考虑了常规形状锚板的情况,不适用于特殊形状的锚板。为了更好地指导工程实践,在总结已有研究的基础上,研究了圆形、方形、正三角形和风筝形锚板,假定锚板的破坏面从锚板的侧面以膨胀角向上延伸,形成与锚板自身具有相同横截面形状的棱台,结合数学和力学理论分析,提出了一种可以考虑形状效应的浅埋板锚极限抗拔承载力计算方法,并将简化方法计算所得承载力和公开试验结果进行对比。结果表明,简化计算方法适用于埋深与板宽之比小于5的浅埋情况,且具有较高的精度,可以在初步工程设计中加以应用。研究结果为多种形态的浅埋锚板极限抗拔力计算提供了新的方法,可为类似工程项目的设计提供参考,具有一定的工程借鉴价值。     

基于博弈论的云环境下跨组织知识共享研究

计算技术不仅大大促进了经济的发展,而且在知识管理领域也产生了深刻的影响。基于知识共享行为的动态特征,构建云环境下组织间知识共享的动态博弈模型。研究表明,只有建设有效的搭便车防范措施,才有可能构建积极的知识共享环境,并且知识共享双方云能力的提高有助于促进积极知识共享环境的形成。     

中美两国地方政府治理的行政生态环境比较分析

行政生态环境与地方政府治理具体行为选择存在交互影响。中美两国地方政府治理存在典型性的行政生态环境差异。从两国政党与国家渊源上来分析,政党原则及其在国家政治生活中的地位与作用的差异影响着两国地方政府的治理方针选择;从两国的经济发展与基本国情来分析,社会生产力与经济实力的差距影响着两国地方政府所追求的治理需要;从两国社会结构特点与民族来源来分析,差序格局与个人主义、民族融合与种族主义影响着两国地方政府的治理结构与治理标准;从两国教育文化水平与舆情环境来分析,教育体系以及现代信息科技影响着两国地方政府治理工具的选择以及对于治理主体与治理行为的监督力度。     

产业集群生态化发展模式研究

产业集群是促进区域经济发展的有效组织形式,其发展程度成为了世界各国经济实力的重要体现。但是一些产业集群在发展过程中也造成资源大量消耗和环境污染等问题。随着对生态环境的重视,产业集群生态化问题被提到日程上来。采用扎根理论确定评价指标体系,对辽宁省制造业产业集群生态化发展水平进行实证分析,可以据此提出产业集群生态化发展模式,以促进辽宁省产业集群生态化水平的提高,实现经济的可持续发展。     

"胡同游"的成长分析

“胡同游”是近10年来在北京乃至全国旅游界迅速崛起的一颗耀眼明星。本文分析了其成长过程及市场所面临的问题，根据经济学原理，探讨并提出了其可持续发展的制度保障思路：寡头竞争、控制容量、建立旅游产品制度创新机制。     

从游客环境容量到LAC理论环境容量概念的新发展

LAC(可接受的改变极限)是从游客环境容量概念发展而来的，用于解决资源保护和旅游发展之间矛盾的理论。这一理论在很多国家的规划和管理中得到了广泛的应用，取得了良好的效果。本文阐述了从环境容量到LAC理论的发展过程，描述了LAC理论的九个步骤，简要介绍了LAC理论的衍生技术方法。     

对旅游产业生态过程的研究

本文在传统的旅游划分基础上进行功能和价值的扩展研究，对旅游的主要过程-旅游产业的生态内涵进行阐述，并阐明了生态效应如何构建新的环境行为，区别了旅游产业生态与生态旅游产业二者的概念，运用功用主义和伦理学思想建立与经济产业说相关的关系结构，在此基础上运用社会生态学观点探讨了旅游产业生态过程对社会进程的功用。     

Traditions of sustainability in tourism studies

As sustainability has become an important policy issue in tourism, it is arousing growing discussion and criticism, and an increasing need to understand the nature of the limits of growth. This paper analyzes how these limits are approached and evaluated in discussions on a local scale. The purpose is to recognize that behind the different understandings of them lie distinct traditions that are different in their focuses. These are referred to as resource-, activity-, and community-based traditions of sustainability. Further, the relationship between sustainable tourism and sustainable development is critically discussed.     

Indigenous Peoples,Resource Extraction and Sustainable Development: An Ethical Approach

Resource extraction companies worldwide are involved with Indigenous peoples. Historically these interactions have been antagonistic, yet there is a growing public expectation for improved ethical performance of resource industries to engage with Indigenous peoples. (Crawley and Sinclair, Journal of Business Ethics 45, 361–373 (2003)) proposed an ethical model for human resource practices with Indigenous peoples in Australian mining companies. This paper expands on this work by re-framing the discussion within the context of sustainable development, extending it to Canada, and generalizing to other resource industries. We argue that it is unethical to sacrifice the viability of Indigenous cultures for industrial resource extraction; it is ethical to engage with indigenous peoples in a manner consistent with their wishes and needs as they perceive them. We apply these ideas to a case study in the coastal temperate rainforest of Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada. In this case a scientific panel comprised of Nuu-Chah-Nulth elders, forest scientists and management professionals, achieved full consensus on developing sustainable forest practice standards by drawing equally on Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge and Western science in the context of one of the most heated and protracted environmental conflicts in Canadian history. The resulting sustainable forest practice standards were later adopted by leading forestry firms operating on the coast. Our analysis of this scientific panels success provides the basis for advancing an ethical approach to sustainable development with Indigenous peoples. This ethical approach is applicable to companies working in natural resource industries where the territories of Indigenous peoples are involved.David Lertzman Ph.D. is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Environmental Management and Sustainable Development and Senior Associate with the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies at the Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary. He teaches courses on Sustainable Development With Indigenous Peoples at the Graduate and Undergraduate levels, and in the MSc Program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean. Dr. Lertzman also teaches a Wilderness Retreat on Leadership for Sustainable Development in the MBA program. He is a private consultant and has worked in many Indigenous communities, mostly in Western Canada.Harrie Vredenburg Ph.D. is Professor and Suncor Energy Chair in Competitive Strategy and Sustainable Development at the Haskayne School of Business at the University of Calgary where he is also Director of the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies. He teaches in Haskaynes MBA and PhD programs. He is also Academic Chair of the MSc program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean offered by the Haskayne School of Business at the Quito Ecuador campus of regional partner, the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). He regularly teaches in the Latin American program.     

生态足迹与区域生态适度人口——以西部12省市为例

一个区域生态适度人口的确定取决于区域生态承载力与区域人口对生态资源的需求.介绍了生态足迹模型的基本概念和计算方法,并运用该模型对中国西部12省、直辖市、自治区生态适度人口进行了估算.中国目前已经出现过度人口和生态赤字,但在较低社会经济发展水平和低消费的条件下,西部地区具有相对较小的人地矛盾,生态赤字较小,目前的人口规模基本可认为是合理的.随着西部开发的进程,西部省区正在并将持续面临严重的生态压力.